Literatuur

Algemeen

Richtlijn Intoxicaties eerste opvang in het ziekenhuis
JS Boyle, LK Bechtel, CP Holstege. Management of the critically poisoned patient. SJTREM 2009, 17:29
BS Judge. Metabolic acidosis: Differentiating the causes in the poisoned patient. Med Clin N Am 89 (2005) 1107–1124
K Berend et al. Physiological Approach to Assessment of Acid–Base Disturbances. N Engl J Med 2014;371:1434-45.

Riskassessment

F F S Daly, M Little, L Murray. A risk assessment based approach to the management of acute poisoning. Emerg Med J 2006;23:396–399. doi: 10.1136/emj.2005.030312

ADME

SDAC: Juurlink. Activated charcoal for acute overdose: a Reappraisal. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015
MDAC: JA Vale, EP Krenzelok, and GD Barceloux. Position Statement and Practice Guidelines on the Use of Multi-Dose Activated Charcoal in the Treatment of Acute Poisoning. Clinical Toxicology, 37(6), 731–751 (1999)
Gastric lavage: B. E. BENSON et al. Position paper update: gastric lavage for gastrointestinal decontamination. Clinical Toxicology (2013), 51, 140–146
WBI: Ruben Thanacoody, E. Martin Caravati, Bill Troutman, Jonas Höjer, Blaine Benson, Kalle Hoppu, Andrew Erdman, Regis Bedry & Bruno Mégarbane (2015) Position paper update: Whole bowel irrigation for gastrointestinal decontamination of overdose patients, Clinical Toxicology, 53:1, 5-12, DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2014.989326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.989326
Dialyse: Ghannoum et al. EXTRIP – Use of extracorporeal treatments in the management of poisonings -Kidney International (2018) 94, 682–688

Cardiotoxic

C Yates, AF Manini. Utility of the Electrocardiogram in Drug Overdose and Poisoning: Theoretical Considerations and Clinical Implications. Current Cardiology Reviews, 2012, 8, 137-151
AA Kan, DW de Lange, DW Donker, J Meulenbelt. Management of prolonged Qt interval and torsades de pointes in the intoxicated patient. The Netherlands journal of medicine 2014;72(3):119-126
RE Bruccoleri, MM Burns. A Literature Review of the Use of Sodium Bicarbonate for the Treatment of QRS Widening. J. Med. Toxicol. (2016) 12:121–129
N Gunja and A Graudins. Management of cardiac arrest following poisoning. Emergency Medicine Australasia (2011) 23, 16–22
BSH Chan and NA Buckley. Digoxin-specific antibody fragments in the treatment of digoxin toxicity. Clinical Toxicology early Online 2014
A Graudins, HM Lee, D Druda. Calcium channel antagonist and betablocker overdose. antidotes and adjunct therapies. Br J Clin Pharmacol / 81:3 / 453–461
JB Cole, AM Arens, JR Laes et al. High dose insulin for beta-blocker and calcium channel-blocker poisoning: 17 years of experience from a single poison center. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018

J Baird-Gunning, T Lea-Henry, LCG Hoegberg et al. Lithium Poisoning. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2016;1-15
HKR Thanacoody, SHL Thomas. Antidepressant poisoning. Clin Med 2003;3:114–8
EM Caravati, PJ Bossart. Demographic and Electrocardiographic Factors Associated With Severe Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 29:1, 31-43, DOI: 10.3109/15563659109038595
JL McCabe, DJ Cobaugh, JJ Menegazzi, J Fata. Experimental Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity: A Randomized, Controlled Comparison of Hypertonic Saline Solution, Sodium Bicarbonate, and Hyperventilation. ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 32:3 SEPTEMBER 1998, PART 1
GK Isbister, SJ Bowe, A Dawson, IM Whyte. Relative Toxicity of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in Overdose. Journal of Toxicology CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 277–285, 2004
IM Whyte, A Dawson, NA Buckley. Relative toxicity of venlafaxine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in overdose compared to tricyclic antidepressants. Q J Med 2003; 96:369–374
CA Kelly, N Dhaun, WJ Laing, et al. Comparative Toxicity of Citalopram and the Newer Antidepressants After Overdose, Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 2004;42:1, 67-71, DOI: 10.1081/CLT-120028747

Antipsychotica

HH Tan, J Hoppe, K Hear. A systematic review of cardiovascular effects following atypical antipsychotic medication overdose. Am J Emerg Med. 2009 June ; 27(5): 607–616. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2008.04.020.

BD Hayes, JP Martinez, F Burrueto Jr. Drug induced hyperthermic syndromes. Part I. Hyperthermia in overdose. Emerg Med Clin N Am 31 (2013) 1019–1033
ME Musselman and S Saely. Diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced hyperthermia. Am J Health-Syst Pharm—Vol 70 Jan 1, 2013
F Eyer and T Zilker. Bench-to-bedside review: Mechanisms and management of hyperthermia due to toxicity. Critical Care 2007, 11:236
GK Isbister, NA Buckley, IM Whyte. Serotonin toxicity: a practical approach to diagnosis and treatment. MJA • Volume 187 Number 6 • 17 September 2007
R Velamoor. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A neuro-psychiatric emergency: Recognition, prevention, and management. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2017;Vol29:106-109

Drugs en EDS

JP Thompson. Acute effects of drugs of abuse. Clin Med 2003;3:123–6.
Philippe Gonin; Nicolas Beysard, MD; Bertrand Yersin, MD; Pierre-Nicolas Carron. Excited Delirium: A Systematic Review. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2018;25:552–565.

Chen, TE Albertson, KR Olson. Treatment of drug-induced seizures. Br J Clin Pharmacol / 81:3 / 413
MPH vd Broek, MA Sikma, TF Ververs, J Meulenbelt. Severe valproic acid intoxication case study on the unbound fraction and the applicability of extracorporeal elimination. European Journal of Emergency Medicine 2009, 16:330–332
JEMP Smits et al. Valproate Intoxication in a Patient With Blood Valproate Levels Within Therapeutic Range. J Clin Psychiatry 78:4, April 2017

Toxische alcoholen

JA Kraut, ME Mullins. Toxic Alcohols. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 18;378(3):270-280. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1615295.
GA Beauchamp, M Valento. Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Prompt Recognition And Management In The Emergency Department. EBMedicine sept 2016;vol18,No9

Salicylaten

RM Shively, RS Hoffman, AF Manini. Acute salicylate poisoning: risk factors for severe outcome. Clinical Toxicology, 55:3, 175-180

Intralipid en ECMO

Hoegberg et al. Systematic review on the effect of intravenoud lipid emulsion therapy for local anesthetic toxicity. Clin Tox 2016;54(3):167-193
D W de Lange, M A Sikma, and J Meulenbelt. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of poisoned patients. Clinical Toxicology, 2013 vol. 51 (5) pp. 385-393. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/15563650.2013.800876